Electrical system of distribution.



W. -A. TURBAYNE.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.29, 1908.

991,108. en ed May 2,1911.

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WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE, OF LANCASTER, unwxonx, ASSIGNOR T0 GOULD COUPLER VCGMPANY, A QQBPOBATION Q5 NEW. YGBK.

-EIECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTIQN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 19111..

Application filed December 29, 1908. Serial Noi 469,778.

-means are provided for regulating the main dynamo or generator.

I have especially designed my improvements with relation to systems inwhich a main generator is driven at a variable speed and is re lated byan auxiliary dynamo and in which a storage battery is operativelyarranged to feed a consumption or work circuit when the main generatoris inoperative or is not supplying sufiicient voltage.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an especiallyeconomical and efficient'means for maintaining the voltage at the workcircuit or load substantially constant irrespective of whether thebattery or the main generator is feeding the work circuit.

A further object is to regulate the auxiliary dynamo in such a mannerthat it will regulate the main generator so that a sub stantiallyconstant voltage will be supplied thereby to the load on theCOIJSHIIIPtlOH'ClT- cuit or so that the generator voltage will only risewith the battery voltage.

Further objects,' features and advantages will more clearly appear fromthe detailed description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing in which Figure 1 shows diagrammatlcally a sys-'tem embodying one form of my improvemelnts and Figs. 2 and 3 showmodified detai s.

Referring to the drawingA represents a main generator driven at avariable speed by the pulley B which in turn is driven by the belt Bfrom any convenient source of en'- ergy. When applied to car lightingsystegis this source of energy may be the car a e.

C represents an auxiliary dynamo connect- E representsa storage batteryconnected I between the positive and negative cusses: 1 and 2respectively.

F represents a work circuit connected between the positive and negativebusses 3 and 2 respectively. The negative brush of the main generator Ais connected to the negative bus 2 by means of a conductor 4 and switchH. The positive brush of the main 1 generator A is connected to thebusses 1 and 3 by means of a conductor 5. Connected across the terminalsof the switch H is a field coil C for the auxiliary dynamo C.

In series in the conductor 5,i s a field coil C and in serieswith thebus or conductor 3 is a field coil C Bothfield coils C and 'C are uponthe auxiliary generator C.

R represents a resistance connected to the positive terminal of the maingenerator A and arranged to act as shunts for-the coils C and C Thevalue of these shunts may be varied by movement of the switch contactsR, R The main generator A is provided with field coils A, one terminalof which is connected to one brush of the auxiliary dynamo G- and theother terminal of which is connected to the spring contact- .9 of theautomatic switch G. 'The automatic switchG consists of two springcontacts 9' and 9 Spring 9 is provided with contacts 9' and 9 Spring g"is provided with contacts g and-g.

G represents'a pivoted arm carrying the contacts g and g ins1ilated fromeach other. The pivoted arm G also carries a magnetizable member Jpolarized by the coil J. Acting upon the polarized member J are twomagnetizable members I, I energized by coils I. The coils I areconnected in series in a circuit from the spring g to the other brush ofthe auxiliary generator C. Contact g is connected with the-positive sideof the work circuit F. Coil J is connected in a circuit from the contactg to the conductor 4 or the negative side of the main generator A, l I

The switch H is provided with a voltage coil H connected between theconductor 4 and the conductor 1. The switch is also provided with acurrent coil H connected in series with the conductor 4:.

The various portions of the systems are shown in the positions theyoccupy when the system is about to be started up. The switch H is openand the work circuit is being fed from the battery. The coil C oftheauxiliary generator is energized from the battery, the terminals of thecoil being connected across the battery through the generator A. At thistime also the auxiliary generator C is connected in a local circuit withthe field winding A of the main dynamo,

the circuit being from the upper brush of the auxiliary generator,through the field winding A, thence through the spring 9 to contacts gand 9 carried thereby, thence through the contactsg and g of the pivotedmember G to the contacts 9 and 9 carried on the spring 9 thence throughcoil 1 to the lower brush of the auxiliary generator. Thus when themachines are started the auxiliary generator will excite the maingenerator, and since both generators rotate in the same direction thepositive terminal of the main generator will always be on the same side.

Upon development of an electromotive force by the main dynamo a currentis developed in the local circuit which includes the conductor j, coilJ, contacts 9, g, and y, springs g and 9 contacts 9 g and g" andconductor 7'. This current energizes a magnetizable member 5, extendingfrom the pivoted switch member G. The arm J will be attracted upwardlyor downwardly by the magnetizable members T or 1 according to thedirection of the current from the auxiliary dynamo. If the arm J movesupward then the contact arm G will swing so that the contact is brokenbetween 9 and g and between 9 and 9*, whereas if it is attracteddownward the contact arm G will break contact between 9 and g andbetween g and 9". These connections throw the field A in circuit withthe main generator A and cause the field A to be very rapidly built up.

When the electromotive force of the main generator has reached itsnormal value the switch H is closed by the action of the voltage coil H.This throws the work circuit and battery in series with the maingenerator and a heavy current passes through the field coils C and U Atthe same time the coil C is short-circuited and it will then havepractically no effect as an exciting element. The field coils C and Care wound to oppose each other but the coil C is arranged to produce thegreater magnetomotive force. The coil C is also wound to op-,

pose the coil C. Therefore, upon the closing of the switch H themagnetomotive force of the coil C predominates and reverses the polarityof the auxiliary generator G and causes it to become a counter machinein the field circuit A to cut down the electromotive force of the maingenerator A. As the voltage of the main generator rises with increase ofspeed the current through c011 C increases responsively thereto, and 1nturn increases the counterelectromotive force of the auxiliary dynamo inseries with the main generator fields A, thus cutting down the fieldstrength of the main generator A to bring its voltage back tosubstantially the proper value. The coil C tends to oppose this actionbut when the voltage of the main generator rises above the value whichwill produce a floating condition of the battery, the battery receivesconsiderable charging current which does not pass through the coil C.The action of the field coil C is therefore increased in much greaterproportion than the action of its opposing field coil C The result ofthis action is that the charging current of the battery increases thecoils C and C act through the auxiliary dynamo C to decrease the fieldstrength of the main generator A. and, therefore, keep the voltage ofthe main generator A down to its proper value and to maintain thecharging current at its proper value. The shunt re istance R and switchcontacts R and R are adjusted to regulate the cooperating action of thefield coils and C and by means thereof the action of these field coilsand C may be adjusted to produce any desired effect.

Connected in series in the bus or conductor 3 is a carbon pileresistance or rheostat M. This resistance is, therefore, connected inseries with the work circuit and in circuit between the battery and thework circuit. This carbon pile resistance ill is operated by means of alever M connected to a core N of a solenoid N. The coil or solenoid N isconnected directly across the work circuit F and is responsive tofluctuations of voltage thereof. Connected across the terminals of thecarbon pile resistance M is a field coil P upon the auxiliary dynamo C.The field coil P is arranged to vary the field strength of the auxiliarydynamo C and to thereby cause proper regulation of the main generator A.

If the voltage at the work circuit tends to rise the strength of thesolenoid bl is increased thereby releasing the pressure or the carbonpile resistance M to increase its re sistance and to increase the dropof potential between the battery and work circuit. The potential appliedto the load on the work circuit will thereby be maintained substantiallyconstant. During this operation, however, the voltage between thebattery and work circuit, or across the carbon pile rc sistance l /l isincreasedfso that the current in coil P is increased thereby increasingthe coaction of the auxiliary dynamo C to further decrease the voltagesupplied by the windings ranged to rotate within a magnetic field eeiaoastrength of the coil P also varies with variations of load on thecircuit unless counteracted by variations in the resistance itself. Thishas the efiect of keeping the generator voltage down somewhat and thuscuttin down the battery charging current an keeping the total load onthe main generator within desired limits. The action of the solenoid Nupon the variable resistance M causes the field coil P to be responsiveto voltage fluctuations at the load.

The etllciency and practical operation of the carbon pile resistance Mdepends largely upon the mechanical design and operation thereof and itsnon-responsiveness to jars and shocks ln order to provide for thesefeatures I place on the end of the lever M a rack Q which engages apinion Q secured to an iron cylinder with short-circuited The ironcylinder Q is arproduced by the electro-ma-gnet- S having a field coil 8connected across the circuit 2, 3. llhis apparatus forms a magneticdamper which ell'ectively prevents sudden shocks and jars fromdeleteriously eflecting the carbon pile resistance M.

In Fig. 2, I show another arrangement of damping the movement of thelever M in which the rack Q operates a fan 1 by means of the gears orpinions t, 25, 25 i and The amount of damping can be adjusted by varyingthe size and relationship of the gears 23, t, 26 t and t Fig. 3represents still another method of producing a damping action, in whichthe rack Q, is arranged to operate pawl and ratchet mechanism U, U, theamount of damping being regulated by the size of the pendulum V attachedto the pawl U.

From the above it will be apparent that l have provided an exceptionallyetlicient and economical means for regulating the main generator bymeans or" an auxiliary dynamo responsive both to voltage andcurrentfiuctuations and in which the fluctuation t voltage at the loadis maintained at a minimum.

Although I have described my improvements in great detail I do notdesire to be limited to such details but Having fully and clearlydescribed my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters 1 atent, is:

1. the combination of a source of electromotive force, an electriccircuit fed thereby, an auxiliary dynamo-electric machine for governingsaid source, a variable resistance in series with the work circuit,means for regulating said dynamo responsive to variations in saidresistance and means for controlling said resistance responsivetovoltage fluctuations.

2. In combination, a generator, at work circuit ted thereby, a storagebattery connected in operative relation thereto, an aux iliary dynamofor regulating said generator, a device for regulating the difference involtage between said work circuit and said battery, and means forvarying the action of said dynamo responsive to electrical variations insaid device.

3. In combination, a generator, a work circuit fed thereby, a storagebattery connected in operative relation theretofan auxiliary dynamo forregulating said generator, a variable resistance for regulating thedifference of voltage between the work circuit and battery and a coilfor regulating the field of said dynamo responsive to electricalvariations in said resistance.

4. In combination, a generator, a work circuit fed thereby, a storageapparatus in operative relation therewith, an auxiliary dynamo forregulating said generator, means for regulating the voltage applied tothe work circuit responsive to voltage changes thereof and a coil forregulating said dynamo responsive to electrical variations in saidmeans.

5. In combination, a generator, a work circuit fed thereby, a storageapparatus in operative relation therewith, an auxiliary dynamo forregulating said generator, a carbon pile resistance for maintaining thevoltage applied to said work circuit substantially constant, and meansfor regulating said dynamo responsive to electrical variations in saidresistance.

6. In combination, a generator driven at a variable speed, a workcircuit fed thereby, a storage battery in operative relation thereto, anauxiliary dynamo for regulating the voltage of the generator, a carbonpile resistance for regulating the ditlerence of potential between thebattery and work circuit anda coil for regulating said dynamo responsiveto the electrical variations in said resistance.

7. In combination, a generator, a work circuit fed thereby, a storagebattery in operative relation thereto, means whereby a difference involtage exists between the battery and work circuit, an auxiliary dynamofor regulating the generator and means for regulating said dynamoresponsive to tluctuationsdn the difi'erence of voltage between saidbattery and work circuit.

8. In combination, a generator driven at a variable speed, a consumptioncircuit and its load fed thereby,a storage battery connected to saidcircuit, means whereby a difference in voltage exists between thebattery and the consumption circuit, an auxiliary dynamo mechanicallyconnected to said generator for regulating its output and a coil forregulating the fie d strength of the auxiliary dynamo responsive tofluctuations in the difierence of voltage between the load and battery.

9. In an electrical system of distribution,

.resistance carrying a current proportional a main generator driven at avariable speed, a consumption circuit and its load fed thereby, astorage battery connected thereto, an auxiliary dynamo for regulatingthe output of said generator, a variable resistance for regulating thevoltage applied to the load responsive to voltage fluctuations at theload and means for regulating the auxiliary dynamo responsive toelectrical fluctuations in said resistance.

10. In an electrical system of distribution, a main generator driven ata variable speed, a consumption circuit and its load ted there by, astorage battery connected thereto, an auxiliary dynamo for regulatingthe output of said generator, a carbon pile resistance in circuitbetween the battery and load, said to the current, a coil forcontrolling said resistance responsive to fluctuations of voltage at theload, and a coil for regulating the field strength of the auxiliarydynamoconnected l across and responsive to voltage fluctuations acrosssaid resistance.

11. In an electrical system of distribution, a main generator driven ata variable speed, an auxiliary dynamo arranged to decrease the fieldstrength of the generator as its speed increases, a Work circuit and itsload and a storage battery arranged to be fed by the generator, meansfor regulating the voltage applied to the Work circuit, and meansdependent upon the action of said first mentioned means for regulatingthe action of the-auxiliary dynamo to properly control the generator.

ltn testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

KVILLIAM A. TURBAYNE.

Witnesses RAYMOND HUMMELL, W. H. PATTENDEN.

